medical notes

ANATOMY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

 

• Cranial Nerves And Nuclei, esp. Optic nerve pathway- Most important for INICET

• Brachial Plexus: Branches and Palsies • Root Values And Dermatomes of UL & LL

• Arteries and branches: Subclavian artery, Axillary artery, Internal iliac

• Nerve Supply of Perineum, Ear, Eye

• Relations of Lesser Sac, Parotid gland

• Peritoneal anatomy

Embryology:

• Derivatives Of Dierent Germ Layers, particularly Neural Crest

• Branchial Arch, CleG Derivatives

• Spermato/Oogenesis, Mitosis, Meiosis

Osteology:

• Types Of Joints With Examples

• Ossification Centers, particularly ones present at birth

• Knee Join Ligaments; learn with orthopedics (injuries)

Neuroanatomy:

• Cavernous Sinus Boundaries/Structures Passing through it, Tributaries

• Blood Supply

• Brainstem Sections

• Ventricle Boundaries Perineum:

• Urethra (Study with Urethral trauma)

• Rectum Anal Canal anatomy

• Spermatic Cord contents

• Reproductive System derivatives (with embryology) Histology:

• List Of Epithelium Lining Of Various Regions Thorax:

• Heart Arterial anatomy • Diaphragm with embryology

• Broncho vascular Segments of lung

• Lung hilum

Best notes to refer: Elite Series Anatomy

Other notes: Egurukul Notes by Ashwani Kumar

BIOCHEMISTRY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

Most important: Cycles

Multiple revisions must be given; to be studied with pediatrics inborn errors of metabolism; understand the step of defect of various disorders with absent enzyme and resultant substrate accumulation resulting in disease

Metabolism:

• Glycolysis • Gluconeogenesis • Krebs cycle • ETC • Glycogen Metabolism • Fatty acid synthesis and Oxidation • Purine and pyrimidine metabolism • Lipoproteins • Carbohydrate isomerism • Energetics of all pathways • GLUTS • Ubiquitine proteasome pathway • Polarity of amino acids • 21st amino acid Genetics: To be done with Pathology and genetic disorders of Pediatrics • Karyotyping • PCR and types, esp. RT-PCR • FISH • Microarray, CGH • Epigenetics • Flow cytometry

Vitamins and essential fatty acids: Function, Deficiency Protein Structure, Collagen Structure DNA replication, transcription, translation

Enzymes: Classification, Kinetics, Isozymes

PHYSIOLOGY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

General Physiology – Body fluid compartments, cell membrane composition, transport processes

Nerve Muscle – Classification of nerve fibers, injury to nerve fibers, sarcomere, changes during contraction, energy systems in muscle

CVS – conducting system, cardiac cycle (events, JVP, PV loops), ECG, Cardiac output, blood pressure (Measurement, regulation including Baroreceptors), regional circulations (esp coronary, capillary), cardiorespiratory changes in exercise

Respiratory system – Mechanics of breathing (surfactant, compliance, lung volumes & capacities, dead space), V/Q ratio, Gas transport (oxygen), Regulation of breathing (respiratory center, chemoreceptors), Hypoxia.

Kidney – JG apparatus, GFR (Starling’s forces), tubular functions , concentrated urine formation, micturition reflex, types of bladder, Acid-base physiology (buffer systems in the body)

GIT – Structure (ENS, BER, reflexes), motility, secretions (saliva, gastric juice, pancreatic juice, bile), GI hormones

Endocrine and reproduction – Pituitary, thyroid, adrenal cortex, pancreas (hormones and their disorders); Estrogen, testosterone, ovulation

CNS – Introduction (synapse, NTs) Sensory system (receptors, ascending tracts, pain) Motor system (descending tracts, cerebellum , basal ganglia, LMN, muscle spindle), higher functions (hypothalamus, sleep & EEG, hemispheres, learning and memory)

Special senses – Visual pathway, visual processes, organ of corti.

Environmental Physiology – Temperature (exposure to heat and cold), high and low barometric pressures, energy balance.

Best notes to refer: Dr Naveen Porwal

Other notes: Elite Series 

MICROBIOLOGY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

Bacteriology:

• Strep/Staph Classification

• Staph Toxins

• Legionella: Case scenario

• Typhoid toxins

• E.coli, Salmonella , Cholera, Pseudomonas : Lab tests, toxins

• Clostridium: Toxins

• Tuberculosis: Lab Ix most important

• Rickettsia, Syphilis, Leprosy

• Leptospira,Brucella: Case based Qs

Parasitology:

• Malaria: Image based Qs, stages

• Amoebiasis, Giardiasis, Nematodes/Trematodes Transmission And Host

• Toxoplasmosis

• Cysticercosis-Esp. NCC stages

• Haemoflagellates

• Coccidian Parasites

• Cestodes

Virology:

• Classification of viruses

• Influenza: ShiG vs DriG

• Hepatitis: Types, Hep B serology tests most important

• HIV: Opportunistic, AIDS-deterministic infections, Mx

• Herpes Group : Types and infections

• General Virology

• Recent updates in Virology

Mycology:

• Classification Of Fungi

• Dermatophytes

• Endemic Mycoses

• Cryptococcus

• Madura Mycosis: Case based, Radiology

• Candida , occupational fungal diseases

Immunity (To be done with Pathology):

• Immunoglobins

• Immunodeficiency Disorders

• Antigen , Antigen antibody reactions

Best notes to refer: Microbiology Capsule

Other notes: Elite Series 

PATHOLOGY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

Cell injury • Patterns of irreversible cell injury, free radical injury and

pigmentation

Inflammation • Cellular events

• Chemical mediators

• Granulomatous inflammation

Neoplasia • Genetic mechanism of carcinogenesis

• Tumour markers

• Diagnostic techniques

Hematology • Anaemia and iron profiles

• Hemolytic anaemia

• Bleeding disorders classification and diagnosis

• Leukaemia and lymphomas

Genetics • Mode of inheritance

• Techniques for diagnosis of genetic disorders

Respiratory system • Cancers

• Obstructive and restrictive lung diseases

Immunity • General concepts

• Auto immune diseases

• Immune deficiency diseases

• Amyloidosis

GIT • Cancers

• Malabsorption diseases

CVS • Vasculitis

• Ischemic heart disease

Kidney • Nephrotic & nephritic syndromes

• Cancers

Male and Female Genital Tract • Cancers with histological findings

CNS • Degenerative diseases

• Cancers

Liver • Hepatitis markers

• Cirrhosis

Endocrine • Thyroid disorders and histology

• Diabetes

Miscellaneous topics • Images strictly to be revised from Robbins

Best notes to refer: Dr Devesh Mishara notes

Other notes: Pathology Capsule

PHARMACOLOGY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

General: Must Know- pH, pKa, ionization First and zero order kinetics, Bioavailability TDM, First pass metabolism, Receptors types and examples, DRC, PPB, Pharmacogenetics, Prodrugs, Clinical trials, CYP substrates, Drug labels, inducers, inhibitors, Metabolic reactions, Orphan drugs, Formulas, Essential drugs

Desirable to Know- Enzyme inhibition (Competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive), Types of antagonists, Pharmacovigilance, Evidence based medicine

ANS: Must know- AChE inhibitors, Catecholamines ,OP Poisoning table, Glaucoma, Beta blockers, Sympathetic receptors location, Anticholinergics

Desirable to know- Alpha blockers, Rabbit practical

Autocoids: Must know- Antihistaminic, DMARDs, PCM and aspirin poisoning, Gout, Migraine

Desirable to know- PG actions, Other NSAIDs

CVS: Must know- Digoxin JNC 8 guidelines for hypertension, New drugs for CHF, Drugs decreasing mortality in CHF, New antianginal drugs, Statins

Desirable to know- Pulmonary hypertension, Antiarrhythmics, New hypolipidemic drugs.

Best notes to refer: Pharmacology Image bank

Other notes: Elite Series 

FORENSIC MEDICINE: High Yield topics for NEET PG

IPCs (very Important) Relevant to medical practice

Forensic Thanatology • Suspended animation

• Eye changes

• Pattern of Algor mortis

• Livor mortis & poisoning

• Rules in Rigor mortis & distribution of rigor mortis

• Colour Changes in Decomposition.

Autopsy • Techniques of organ dissection

Human identification • Race determination indicators from bone & teeth

• Sex determination of bones (skull & pelvis)

• Indices for sex determination from bones

• Dentition – Ages estimation methods

• Other techniques for identification like dactylography, poroscopy, rugoscopy.

Asphyxiai deaths • PM findings in Hanging, Strangulation

• Hyoid fractures

• Various terms (methods) in strangulation

• Types of drowning

• PM findings in drowning (specific findings &non

specific findings)

Forensic traumatology • Ageing of abrasion, contusion

• Laceration, Stab injury

• Hesitational, defence & fabricated injuries

• Skull fractures

• Various types of gunpowder

• Appearance of wound in different ranges.

• Atypical bullets

Forensic toxicology • Legal duties of a doctor in poisoning

• Diagnosis of poisoning during autopsy (from

hypostasis, smell, appearances of organs)

• Metallic poisons (mercury, Lead & arsenic- most

important)

• Cardiac poisons

• Delirients

• Insecticide poisoning

• Snake bite envenomation

• Plant irritants

Sexual jurisprudence • Rape – examination of accused & victim

• Associated Legal sections

• Various terms in sexual perversions

• Tests for live birth

Forensic Psychiatry • Various rules for criminal responsibility of insane

person

Legal procedures & law • Inquests

• Powers of criminal courts

• Recording of evidence in the court of law & relevant

sections

• Infamous conduct

• Declarations

• Various doctrines involved in medical negligence

Blood stains & seminal

stains

OPHTHALMOLOGY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

Retina:

• Diabetic retinopathy stages, images, Mx

• Retinal detachment

• ROP staging

• Retinitis pigmentosa

Conjunctiva and cornea:

• Trachoma Image, C/F, Elimination strategies

• Conjunctivitis Difference b/w etiologies

• Corneal Ulcer – Fungal, Viral, Acanthamoeba

Neuro ophthalmology:

• Optic pathway and its lesions

• Eye Deviation In Cranial Nerve Palsies

• Horner Syndrome

• Optic neuritis

• Papilledema

Procedures and surgeries:

• Enucleation/Exenteration, Evisceration : Indications

• Keratoplasty

• Dark room procedures

•Tonometry

• Direct/Indirect Ophthalmoscopy

• Macular Function Tests

• Visual Field Defects

•EOG

Glaucoma:

•Tvpes

• Management Of Glaucoma (To be done with Pharmacology)

Tumors:

• Retinoblastoma, Melanoma: Stages of RB, Mx

Myopia, Hypermetropia

Cataract: Causes, Mx

ENT: High Yield topics for NEET PG

Ear

1. Embryology of Ear

2. Anatomy of Middle Ear (especially posterior wall)

3. Pure tone Audiometry Interpretation

4. BERA/ OAE interpretation and uses

5. Malignant Otitis Externa

6. Complications of CSOM

7. Otosclerosis

8. Meniere’s Disease

9. Vestibular Schwannoma

10. Hearing devices/ Implants such as Cochlear Implant, Auditory Brainstem Implant, BAHA

11. Noise Induced Hearing Loss

12. Ototoxicity

Nose

1. Blood supply of Nasal Septum

2. Allergic fungal Rhinosinusitis

3. Ca Maxilla

4. CSF Rhinorrhea

s. Nasal Polyps

6. CT Scan of Nose and PNS

Pharynx

1. Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma

2. Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

3. Membranous Tonsillitis

4. Tonsillectomy

Larynx

1. Muscles of Larynx

2. Spaces in Larynx: Pre-epiglottic space, proglottic space, Reinke’s space

3. Vocal Folds Palsy

4. Juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

5. Carcinoma Larynx

6. Tracheostomy and Cricothyrotomy

Best notes to refer: ENT Notes

FREE NOTES: INICET notes

These are essential, high-return topics for the NEET PG that call for a number of revisions and practices. However, this does not preclude the inclusion of additional topics or subtopics. No, it’s important to focus on these, but it’s also important to cover other topics and heads. It gets better the more you can learn and memorize. Stay tuned for more details and advice about the NEET PG exam.