notes

5 effective ways to memorise your notes in medschool

When it comes to remembering facts, take a straightforward approach. If you are also trying to survive medical school, here are a few pointers which can help you improvise the way you memorize:

1) To effectively create long-term memory:

 

Read a single topic as many times as you can over a long period of time. Although it might sound uninteresting, if you don’t read certain subjects multiple times, you’ll probably forget them.

2) For a particular subject, only use one book as your primary source.

 

For a given subject, individuals typically read from three to four books, resulting in confusion prior to exams. We do not suggesting that you only read one book; in order to get a thorough understanding of a subject, you should refer to multiple books. But your primary source should be one.

3) Take notes at home as well as in class.

 

Taking notes in your own handwriting allows you to quickly review important information prior to the exam and has proven to be an effective way people can remember for a longer time.

4) Make notes of the essential points in your book

 

It is evident to note down all the important points in a book, so that you can quickly review them when you revise them. In order to pass the exam, it is critical that we only study the relevant material prior to it; however, keep in mind that selective study alone will not help you survive medical school in the long run. In addition, you cannot inform your patient that you are unable to treat him because you have not read about it!

5) Before going to bed, review your notes

 

According to research, your brain reviews and selects what you will be able to recall in the long run during your sleep. Therefore, right before you go to bed, you can improve your long-term memory recall by reviewing important information.

Hope this tips helps you to sharpen your memory. Don’t forget to read 2oth book which is one of our bestsellers, the only solution to get all your data and formula sheet for medical PG at one place.

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High Yield topics for NEET PG 2023

Medical graduates who want to go on to higher education need to know everything they need to know about the NEET PG entrance exam. They will have an easier time navigating the syllabus and passing the entrance exam in time to be accepted into the PG course as a result.

The NEET PG syllabus consists of three sections that are divided into various sub-sections. The Graduate Medical Education Regulations of the Medical Council of India drafted these sections. Prior to taking the exam, candidates must review the MCI-prescribed syllabus because the National Board of Examination does not offer a comprehensive syllabus for this.

The NEET PG exam pattern and subject-specific weighting The NEET PG exam pattern has 200 multiple-choice questions. Each correct response receives four points, and each incorrect response receives one point. The weighting of questions in each subject helps students concentrate on the appropriate topics.

Important / High Yield topics for NEET PG

 

The syllabus for the NEET PG contains the following list of high yield subjects and topics

 

ANATOMY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

 

• Cranial Nerves And Nuclei, esp. Optic nerve pathway- Most important for INICET

• Brachial Plexus: Branches and Palsies • Root Values And Dermatomes of UL & LL

• Arteries and branches: Subclavian artery, Axillary artery, Internal iliac

• Nerve Supply of Perineum, Ear, Eye

• Relations of Lesser Sac, Parotid gland

• Peritoneal anatomy

Embryology:

• Derivatives Of Dierent Germ Layers, particularly Neural Crest

• Branchial Arch, CleG Derivatives

• Spermato/Oogenesis, Mitosis, Meiosis

Osteology:

• Types Of Joints With Examples

• Ossification Centers, particularly ones present at birth

• Knee Join Ligaments; learn with orthopedics (injuries)

Neuroanatomy:

• Cavernous Sinus Boundaries/Structures Passing through it, Tributaries

• Blood Supply

• Brainstem Sections

• Ventricle Boundaries Perineum:

• Urethra (Study with Urethral trauma)

• Rectum Anal Canal anatomy

• Spermatic Cord contents

• Reproductive System derivatives (with embryology) Histology:

• List Of Epithelium Lining Of Various Regions Thorax:

• Heart Arterial anatomy • Diaphragm with embryology

• Broncho vascular Segments of lung

• Lung hilum

Best notes to refer: Elite Series Anatomy

Other notes: Egurukul Notes by Ashwani Kumar

BIOCHEMISTRY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

Most important: Cycles

Multiple revisions must be given; to be studied with pediatrics inborn errors of metabolism; understand the step of defect of various disorders with absent enzyme and resultant substrate accumulation resulting in disease

Metabolism:

• Glycolysis • Gluconeogenesis • Krebs cycle • ETC • Glycogen Metabolism • Fatty acid synthesis and Oxidation • Purine and pyrimidine metabolism • Lipoproteins • Carbohydrate isomerism • Energetics of all pathways • GLUTS • Ubiquitine proteasome pathway • Polarity of amino acids • 21st amino acid Genetics: To be done with Pathology and genetic disorders of Pediatrics • Karyotyping • PCR and types, esp. RT-PCR • FISH • Microarray, CGH • Epigenetics • Flow cytometry

Vitamins and essential fatty acids: Function, Deficiency Protein Structure, Collagen Structure DNA replication, transcription, translation

Enzymes: Classification, Kinetics, Isozymes

Best notes to refer:  Biochemistry Capsule

PHYSIOLOGY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

General Physiology – Body fluid compartments, cell membrane composition, transport processes

Nerve Muscle – Classification of nerve fibers, injury to nerve fibers, sarcomere, changes during contraction, energy systems in muscle

CVS – conducting system, cardiac cycle (events, JVP, PV loops), ECG, Cardiac output, blood pressure (Measurement, regulation including Baroreceptors), regional circulations (esp coronary, capillary), cardiorespiratory changes in exercise

Respiratory system – Mechanics of breathing (surfactant, compliance, lung volumes & capacities, dead space), V/Q ratio, Gas transport (oxygen), Regulation of breathing (respiratory center, chemoreceptors), Hypoxia.

Kidney – JG apparatus, GFR (Starling’s forces), tubular functions , concentrated urine formation, micturition reflex, types of bladder, Acid-base physiology (buffer systems in the body)

GIT – Structure (ENS, BER, reflexes), motility, secretions (saliva, gastric juice, pancreatic juice, bile), GI hormones

Endocrine and reproduction – Pituitary, thyroid, adrenal cortex, pancreas (hormones and their disorders); Estrogen, testosterone, ovulation

CNS – Introduction (synapse, NTs) Sensory system (receptors, ascending tracts, pain) Motor system (descending tracts, cerebellum , basal ganglia, LMN, muscle spindle), higher functions (hypothalamus, sleep & EEG, hemispheres, learning and memory)

Special senses – Visual pathway, visual processes, organ of corti.

Environmental Physiology – Temperature (exposure to heat and cold), high and low barometric pressures, energy balance.

Best notes to refer: Dr Naveen Porwal

Other notes: Elite Series 

MICROBIOLOGY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

Bacteriology:

• Strep/Staph Classification

• Staph Toxins

• Legionella: Case scenario

• Typhoid toxins

• E.coli, Salmonella , Cholera, Pseudomonas : Lab tests, toxins

• Clostridium: Toxins

• Tuberculosis: Lab Ix most important

• Rickettsia, Syphilis, Leprosy

• Leptospira,Brucella: Case based Qs

Parasitology:

• Malaria: Image based Qs, stages

• Amoebiasis, Giardiasis, Nematodes/Trematodes Transmission And Host

• Toxoplasmosis

• Cysticercosis-Esp. NCC stages

• Haemoflagellates

• Coccidian Parasites

• Cestodes

Virology:

• Classification of viruses

• Influenza: ShiG vs DriG

• Hepatitis: Types, Hep B serology tests most important

• HIV: Opportunistic, AIDS-deterministic infections, Mx

• Herpes Group : Types and infections

• General Virology

• Recent updates in Virology

Mycology:

• Classification Of Fungi

• Dermatophytes

• Endemic Mycoses

• Cryptococcus

• Madura Mycosis: Case based, Radiology

• Candida , occupational fungal diseases

Immunity (To be done with Pathology):

• Immunoglobins

• Immunodeficiency Disorders

• Antigen , Antigen antibody reactions

Best notes to refer: Microbiology Capsule

Other notes: Elite Series 

PATHOLOGY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

Cell injury • Patterns of irreversible cell injury, free radical injury and

pigmentation

Inflammation • Cellular events

• Chemical mediators

• Granulomatous inflammation

Neoplasia • Genetic mechanism of carcinogenesis

• Tumour markers

• Diagnostic techniques

Hematology • Anaemia and iron profiles

• Hemolytic anaemia

• Bleeding disorders classification and diagnosis

• Leukaemia and lymphomas

Genetics • Mode of inheritance

• Techniques for diagnosis of genetic disorders

Respiratory system • Cancers

• Obstructive and restrictive lung diseases

Immunity • General concepts

• Auto immune diseases

• Immune deficiency diseases

• Amyloidosis

GIT • Cancers

• Malabsorption diseases

CVS • Vasculitis

• Ischemic heart disease

Kidney • Nephrotic & nephritic syndromes

• Cancers

Male and Female Genital Tract • Cancers with histological findings

CNS • Degenerative diseases

• Cancers

Liver • Hepatitis markers

• Cirrhosis

Endocrine • Thyroid disorders and histology

• Diabetes

Miscellaneous topics • Images strictly to be revised from Robbins

Best notes to refer: Dr Devesh Mishara notes

Other notes: Pathology Capsule

PHARMACOLOGY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

General: Must Know- pH, pKa, ionization First and zero order kinetics, Bioavailability TDM, First pass metabolism, Receptors types and examples, DRC, PPB, Pharmacogenetics, Prodrugs, Clinical trials, CYP substrates, Drug labels, inducers, inhibitors, Metabolic reactions, Orphan drugs, Formulas, Essential drugs

Desirable to Know- Enzyme inhibition (Competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive), Types of antagonists, Pharmacovigilance, Evidence based medicine

ANS: Must know- AChE inhibitors, Catecholamines ,OP Poisoning table, Glaucoma, Beta blockers, Sympathetic receptors location, Anticholinergics

Desirable to know- Alpha blockers, Rabbit practical

Autocoids: Must know- Antihistaminic, DMARDs, PCM and aspirin poisoning, Gout, Migraine

Desirable to know- PG actions, Other NSAIDs

CVS: Must know- Digoxin JNC 8 guidelines for hypertension, New drugs for CHF, Drugs decreasing mortality in CHF, New antianginal drugs, Statins

Desirable to know- Pulmonary hypertension, Antiarrhythmics, New hypolipidemic drugs.

Best notes to refer: Pharmacology Image bank

Other notes: Elite Series 

FORENSIC MEDICINE: High Yield topics for NEET PG

IPCs (very Important) Relevant to medical practice

Forensic Thanatology • Suspended animation

• Eye changes

• Pattern of Algor mortis

• Livor mortis & poisoning

• Rules in Rigor mortis & distribution of rigor mortis

• Colour Changes in Decomposition.

Autopsy • Techniques of organ dissection

Human identification • Race determination indicators from bone & teeth

• Sex determination of bones (skull & pelvis)

• Indices for sex determination from bones

• Dentition – Ages estimation methods

• Other techniques for identification like dactylography, poroscopy, rugoscopy.

Asphyxiai deaths • PM findings in Hanging, Strangulation

• Hyoid fractures

• Various terms (methods) in strangulation

• Types of drowning

• PM findings in drowning (specific findings &non

specific findings)

Forensic traumatology • Ageing of abrasion, contusion

• Laceration, Stab injury

• Hesitational, defence & fabricated injuries

• Skull fractures

• Various types of gunpowder

• Appearance of wound in different ranges.

• Atypical bullets

Forensic toxicology • Legal duties of a doctor in poisoning

• Diagnosis of poisoning during autopsy (from

hypostasis, smell, appearances of organs)

• Metallic poisons (mercury, Lead & arsenic- most

important)

• Cardiac poisons

• Delirients

• Insecticide poisoning

• Snake bite envenomation

• Plant irritants

Sexual jurisprudence • Rape – examination of accused & victim

• Associated Legal sections

• Various terms in sexual perversions

• Tests for live birth

Forensic Psychiatry • Various rules for criminal responsibility of insane

person

Legal procedures & law • Inquests

• Powers of criminal courts

• Recording of evidence in the court of law & relevant

sections

• Infamous conduct

• Declarations

• Various doctrines involved in medical negligence

Blood stains & seminal

stains

Best notes to refer: FMT Image bank

OPHTHALMOLOGY: High Yield topics for NEET PG

Retina:

• Diabetic retinopathy stages, images, Mx

• Retinal detachment

• ROP staging

• Retinitis pigmentosa

Conjunctiva and cornea:

• Trachoma Image, C/F, Elimination strategies

• Conjunctivitis Difference b/w etiologies

• Corneal Ulcer – Fungal, Viral, Acanthamoeba

Neuro ophthalmology:

• Optic pathway and its lesions

• Eye Deviation In Cranial Nerve Palsies

• Horner Syndrome

• Optic neuritis

• Papilledema

Procedures and surgeries:

• Enucleation/Exenteration, Evisceration : Indications

• Keratoplasty

• Dark room procedures

•Tonometry

• Direct/Indirect Ophthalmoscopy

• Macular Function Tests

• Visual Field Defects

•EOG

Glaucoma:

•Tvpes

• Management Of Glaucoma (To be done with Pharmacology)

Tumors:

• Retinoblastoma, Melanoma: Stages of RB, Mx

Myopia, Hypermetropia

Cataract: Causes, Mx

ENT: High Yield topics for NEET PG

Ear

1. Embryology of Ear

2. Anatomy of Middle Ear (especially posterior wall)

3. Pure tone Audiometry Interpretation

4. BERA/ OAE interpretation and uses

5. Malignant Otitis Externa

6. Complications of CSOM

7. Otosclerosis

8. Meniere’s Disease

9. Vestibular Schwannoma

10. Hearing devices/ Implants such as Cochlear Implant, Auditory Brainstem Implant, BAHA

11. Noise Induced Hearing Loss

12. Ototoxicity

Nose

1. Blood supply of Nasal Septum

2. Allergic fungal Rhinosinusitis

3. Ca Maxilla

4. CSF Rhinorrhea

s. Nasal Polyps

6. CT Scan of Nose and PNS

Pharynx

1. Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma

2. Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

3. Membranous Tonsillitis

4. Tonsillectomy

Larynx

1. Muscles of Larynx

2. Spaces in Larynx: Pre-epiglottic space, proglottic space, Reinke’s space

3. Vocal Folds Palsy

4. Juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

5. Carcinoma Larynx

6. Tracheostomy and Cricothyrotomy

Best notes to refer: ENT Notes

FREE NOTES: INICET notes

These are essential, high-return topics for the NEET PG that call for a number of revisions and practices. However, this does not preclude the inclusion of additional topics or subtopics. No, it’s important to focus on these, but it’s also important to cover other topics and heads. It gets better the more you can learn and memorize. Stay tuned for more details and advice about the NEET PG exam.

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How to prepare for NEET PG in 45 days?

It’s hard to get into medical school. The National Board of Examinations (NBE) administers the NEET PG, or National Eligibility Cum Entrance Test for Post-Graduate Courses, is a national-level entrance exam for admission to Indian medical colleges’ MD/MS and PG Diploma programs.

MCI has approved the NEET PG, a one-stop entrance exam for PG medical programs. The entrance exams for AIIMS MBBS, AIPGMEE, and JIPMER MD/MS have been replaced by NEET PG. To be admitted to any of the aforementioned graduate programs, candidates must only pass NEET PG. Additionally, there is a lot of competition given that the exam is being taken by over 15 million students. If you want to pass the NEET PG exam in 45 days, the following advice will help you prepare better and increase your chances of getting into a good medical school.

The candidate must have completed MBBS from a college recognized by MCI and completed one year of internship by March 31st of the year of his or her appearance in NEET-PG as the minimum eligibility requirements for the exam.

How can I get ready for the NEET PG in 45 days?

 

Start studying for the NEET PG at least 45 days in advance if you want to get good scores. You will have ample time to review the entire syllabus and become accustomed to the exam format as a result of this.

1. Complete your coursework:

Focus on completing your syllabus and reviewing all concepts during the first 30 days. Make sure you have a thorough understanding of each topic and can apply it in clinical situations.

2. Make practice tests:

Start practicing with sample papers and mock tests within the next month. Try as many as you can, and then look at how well you did to see where you can improve.

3. Examine the questions from the previous year:

In the final month before the exam, complete at least ten question papers from the previous year. This will help you improve your speed and accuracy and give you an idea of the kind of questions asked.

4. Make use of notes for revision

The last minute preparation needs to be done from quick review notes like those of LMRP from DBMCI. Elite series of notespaedia is also famous and referred by many toppers. Last minute revision and reviewing of the notes in last 10 days is very important.

5. Use the 20th book

The most challenging part is to retain all the formulas, mnemonics and important charts which are placed in one place given in the 20th book which is available on the notespaedia website for FREE, make use of it. If you are an avid readers, you can also buy it on the website.

6. Take breaks often:

During this time, don’t put too much pressure on yourself with your studies. Take breaks on a regular basis to unwind and refuel yourself so that you can return to work refreshed and focused.

How to prepare for NEET PG in 45 days? Read More »

notes

Notespaedia: 7 Benefits Of Notes for Medical Entrance Exams

It is a well known fact that medical exams are tough and medicos really don’t have much time to do all the notes making on their own with their busy schedule along with clinical rotations or university exams. To ace in exams like Next, NEET PG, INI CET, USMLE, study material is utmost important and having a pre hand made notes will definitely help you excel.

Lets look at the 7 benefits of notes and importance of it for revision:

1. Increases your cognition

 

One of the essential advantages of referring notes with lecture is that it will increase your cognizance. Looking at the notes, highlighting it along with video lectures lets you think with in the lines and deeply about each factor. By marking it, your abilities of paying attention also begin growing.

 

2. Promotes energetic gaining knowledge

 

Another advantage of referring notes alongside video lectures is that it helps you builds the mind-set of energetic mastering, rather than you being lazy to write, it does the work for you. Like, for many college students, it’s miles hard to pay attention to the whole chapter or topic and be responsive to the lecturer. Notes help you scan along to understand the lecturer better.

On the alternative hand, in case you already have notes in the course of elegance, it displays a fantastic mindset, and creates an urge to interrogate and ask questions. Thus, with the aid of making effective learning and you stay active in magnificence, and your studying becomes functional and effective.

3. Improves your reminiscence

 

Improvement in memory is also a fundamental advantage of having lecture notes. It expands the length of retaining records in thoughts for a long term because of revising and referring the same notes again.

4. Enhances important evaluation

 

Notes from Notespaedia is so beneficial that it complements your important analysis because, at the same time as making your notes, you keenly study every point and determine wherein it must be positioned. In this manner, having notes enhances your perceptions and make your judgment dependable.

5. Accelerates your creativity

 

Note referring more than once additionally boost up your creativity. Whenever you are referring notes, you address numerous key phrases, clues, and one of a kind key factors in your very own way of recalling it. By doing so, you grow to be skilled in handling the diversity of thoughts and distinctively making use of them.

Further, having notes allows you to use progressive thoughts that make your notes powerful and help you pay attention to a specific topic or situation.

6. Helps you conquer distractions

 

It is likewise an advantage that it prevents you from getting distracted. Distraction may be of any kind, like noise or intellectual pressure, etc., however if you are busy referring notes along with lecture, it makes your thoughts focused and never allow your subject matter be de-tracked.

 

7. Uplift self-self assurance

 

Last however not least, notes can also advantages in uplifting self assurance as it makes a scholar bright and permits him to perform properly in both- study room and checks. Self assurance and confidence only comes when you do repeated revision and the source of your study is trusted. We are trusted by lakhs of students, lets start your NEET PG preparation with us.

Good notes also make certain that a student is on the proper route. Therefore, he in no way loses heart and keeps on moving closer to achievement.

Notespaedia is all in one destination to buy all medical notes and make you more confident and scholarly.

In this manner, a student becomes assured and offers with all of the topics with tremendous courage and could strength.

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